!Fiqh of Salah: Making up for a missed *Rukn*?

[Solange]

As-salaamu alai-kum, Shaykh.

It's clear for the person who misses one of the wajibah of the salah: s/he simply must make sajdat us-sahw before the taslim in compensation, without making up the action itself.

But what exactly must a person do if they miss a rukn of the salah? Do they
a) repeat the action exclusively, then do the s. sahw before the taslim?
or
b) repeat the entire faulty rak`ah, then do the s. sahw before the taslim?

Please also explain the A-Z steps to be followed.

Jazak Allahu khairan was-salaaam.

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A practical example:

The person praying zuhr was deep in du`ah in the first sujud of her salah, and out of forgetfulness, she came up for her 2nd rak`ah right away. She therefore missed one sujud in her 1st rak`ah. What must she now do?


a) Sajdah as-sahw + make up the forgotten action only?

1. After her 4th rak`ah, she does the tashshahud as usual,
2. does a single "orphan" sujud (to replace the one she missed)
3. does the tashshahud (again)
4. gives 1 salaam
5. does the sajdah us-sahw
6. and then the final taslim.


b) Sajdah as-sahw + make up the entire faulty rak`ah?

1. After her 4th rak`ah, she does the tashshahud as usual,
2. gets up and does 1 entire additional rak`ah (like a "5th", but to replace the entire 1st rak`ah she messed up, recitation of additional verses and all)
3. does the tashshahud (again)
4. gives 1 salaam
5. does the sajdah us-sahw
6. and then the final taslim.

[*Sista_S*]

As-salaamu alai-kum, Shaykh.

It's clear for the person who misses one of the wajibah of the salah: s/he simply must make sajdat us-sahw before the taslim in compensation, without making up the action itself.
But what exactly must a person do if they miss a rukn of the salah?

Salaamu 'alaykum Solange,

In my notes I have it both as Wajibah & Rukn's of Salah. I hope someone else can correct me on this but I think the rules apply to both wether they are Rukn's of the Salah or the Wajibat of the Salah but not the Sunnan of the Salah.

In another word if we omitted anything thats Rukn/Wajib in the Salah then we have to make Sujud'l-Sahw before Tasleem and anytime we add extra Rukn/Wajibat to the Salah then we have to make Sujud'l-Sahw after the Tasleem.


The person praying zuhr was deep in du`ah in the first sujud of her salah, and out of forgetfulness, she came up for her 2nd rak`ah right away. She therefore missed one sujud in her 1st rak`ah. What must she now do?
1. She stands up and continues praying 2nd Rak'a (once someone realize that they are standing, they cannot go back to the possition of sitting down for instance if you forgot to do the 2nd Tashshahud or else it would invalidate the Salah)
2. She continues praying on the 2nd Rak'a and sits for the 1st Tashshahud
3. Stands for 3rd Rak'a and etc.
4. In the 4th Rak'a, she sits down for the Final Tashshahud
5. Before she does Tasleem(Asalaamu 'alaykum), she makes Sujud'l-Sahw('2 Sujud' of forgetfulness and this will validate her salat/will make-it up for anything that she has 'missed' due to forgetfullness InshaAllah ta'alaa)
6. Then she does Tasleem.


So in the example above once she realizes that she has failed to include a ‘sujud’ in her Salad, she continues praying on the 2nd Rakca and etc. Once she’s in her 4th Rak’a she does her final & full Tashshahud and before she does the Tasleem, she makes Sujud’l-Sahw and then she finishes her Salad by doing the Tasleem at the end.


And Allah swt. knows the best.

p.s. I hope someone else can correct me.

Jazakallahu kheyr

[IbnMasood]

Assalamualaikum

If you miss a rukn in salah, you must repeat the entire rak'ah after you finish your original last rak'ah. Just a sujud as-sahw is not enough because that entire rak'ah in which you missed a rukn has become invalid. This is what I know from a Hanbali fiqh book, I can't remember what was taught to us in Divine Link specifically on this.

So what you mentioned in (b) is correct according to what I know, except that the sujud as-sahw would be before the tasleem and not after it because you have omitted something, not added. (I'm pretty sure that was the opinion that Sheikh AE mentioned in class). Also, what you said about additional recitation, I am not sure of, maybe the Sheikh can comment on that when he posts iA.

WAllahu Alam

[AbdArRahman]

As Salaamu Alaykum wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatahu

Disclaimer: I have to take shaykh Abu Eesa's class next month. Whatever I am saying is what I have learnt from Shaykh Yasir Qadhi's fiqh lecture series.

If you miss a rukn, that entire rak'ah is invalid. So essentially your rak'ah becomes the one preceding.

Ex. You missed the sujud in the first rak'ah and realized in the second rak'ah that you had forgotten to make sujood. Then the second rak'ah becomes your first rak'ah and you continue normally till your fourth(fifth if you count the invalid rak'ah) rak'ah when you sit for tashahhud and then you do sujud as sahu as taught by Shaykh Abu Eesa.

I only mentioned this because I thought it important to point out that the very fact that it is a rukn, means that it has to be done and simply sujud as sahu would not suffice.

[Abu Eesa Niamatullah]

Assalamu 'alaykum

So if you miss a rukn then you follow what brother AbdarRahman has mentioned. You MUST repeat the rukn within the prayer and then continue the prayer fresh from there - and I gave a number of examples of that during the class and perhaps some others made some of those extra notes.

Then, at the end, you will make the Sajdah AFTER the Taslim because you have added actions to the prayer. Yes, you did miss out something, but the Sajdah before the Taslim is only for missing out Wajib actions, not Arkan.

So if you miss a Wajib, don't repeat it in the prayer, Sajdah before Taslim.

Miss a rukn however, then repeat it in the prayer as soon as you remember, complete the rest of the prayer in order straight after that rukn, and Sajdah after the Taslim.

And Allah knows best.

AE

[Umair Khan]

Assalamu 'alaykum

So if you miss a rukn then you follow what brother AbdarRahman has mentioned. You MUST repeat the rukn within the prayer and then continue the prayer fresh from there - and I gave a number of examples of that during the class and perhaps some others made some of those extra notes.

Then, at the end, you will make the Sajdah AFTER the Taslim because you have added actions to the prayer. Yes, you did miss out something, but the Sajdah before the Taslim is only for missing out Wajib actions, not Arkan.

So if you miss a Wajib, don't repeat it in the prayer, Sajdah before Taslim.

Miss a rukn however, then repeat it in the prayer as soon as you remember, complete the rest of the prayer in order straight after that rukn, and Sajdah after the Taslim.

And Allah knows best.

AE

Ws wr wb,

JZK, that cleared it up for me.